By Dietrich O. Hummel
ISBN-10: 3540424148
ISBN-13: 9783540424147
ISBN-10: 3642562116
ISBN-13: 9783642562112
Instrumental, in particular spectrometric tools are general in analytical laboratories for id and quantitative selection of advanced natural structures. the writer has proven this in prior works for polymeric fabrics of all variety. during this booklet he describes the appliance of vibrational (FTIR, UV, Raman) and mass spectrometries and of alternative instrumental suggestions for identity and constitution elucidation of plastics ingredients, e.g., antioxidants, stabilisers, plasticisers, pigments, rubber chemical substances. The state-of-the-art is compressed in different tables and figures; those additionally enable the translation of spectra. specifically awesome is a set of the FTIR spectra of 780 chosen ingredients, including constructions and legends. This e-book is mainly precious for the practitioner in plastics processing and creation in addition to plastics ingredients for the standard keep an eye on of educts.
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Extra resources for Atlas of Plastics Additives: Analysis by Spectrometric Methods
Example text
RS has a number of advantages over IRS: it covers a broad range of vibrational frequencies (4000-30 cm- 1), it doesn't incur the problem of sample thickness, the exciting vibration traverses glass (capillaries or vessels for substances) and water (investigation of solutions), it allows the study of samples with sizes of a few micrometers (Raman microscopy), and the (maximal or integral) intensity of a band is directly proportional to the concentration of the vibrating group or molecule. These advantages are almost compensated by serious disadvantages: the equipment is about twice as expensive as a (modest) FTIR spectrometer, the laser radiation may heat the sample and change its physical or chemical state, the reproducibility of the spectra is still not satisfactory, and fluorescence.
1720 v(C=O) ca. 1665 6(NH)v(C-N) ca. 1530 v(C-N) ca. 1225 Pyromellitic imides, aromatic, N,N'-substituted 2xv(C=O) ca. 3480 vs(C=O) ca. 1775 vas(C=O) ca. 1720 v(ring) ca. 1370 v(C-N) ca. 1240 Intensity Remark wsh w-m msh vs s m Overtone Asymmetric Imide ring Imide ring Aromatic amide I Aromatic amide II merged w. 16 Characteristic absorption band combinations/partial spectra of CHNO compounds: amine oxides, nitroso and nitro compounds, nitrite and nitrate esters Vibrating group Assignment Range/cm- 1 Intensity Amine oxides aliphatic v(N~O) 970-950 ca.
Thus, it is not feasible to speak simply of v(CF), 6(CF) etc. In addition, the electronegative nature of F activates vibrations of adjacent C-C bonds by an inductive effect (electric coupling) b Mechanical coupling of CCI groups with adjacent structures is less than in the case of CF. On the other hand, CCI band frequencies are dependent on both configuration and conformation of adjacent groups. 3); values in cm- 1 Name Yellow Ultramarine Crocoite Anhydrite Gypsum Baryte Assignment for CO~Calcite Aragonite Cerussite Hydrocerussite Azurite Malachite Formula vasa SrCr04 BaCr04 PbCr04 CaS04 CaS04' 2H 2 0 BaS04 927/912/887 936/899/859 905/858/833 115911130 115011120 1179/112011084 vasc 1425 1460 144011404 143011400/1360 149011415 150011400 CaC0 3 CaC0 3 PbC0 3 2PbC0 3 ' Pb(OHh 2CuC0 3'Cu(OHh CuC0 3 'Cu(OHh 845 1010 983 1082 1055 1090 1090 1095 4311410 418 Not determ.
Atlas of Plastics Additives: Analysis by Spectrometric Methods by Dietrich O. Hummel
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